چکیده:
بر اساس آمار منتشره در حوزه انرژی، امروزه ساختمان ها به عنوان بزرگترین منبع مصرف انرژی شناخته می شوند. به این دلیل پیشرفت های فناوری در حوزه ساخت و ساز بیش از پیش به سمت راهکارهای نوین در جهت کاهش مصرف انرژی در این بخش تمرکز یافته اند. دستیابی به راه حل هایی همسو با محیط زیست در راستای حرکت به سمت توسعه پایدار در بخش معماری، مورد نظر معماران و طراحان قرار گرفته است. فناوری های تطبیق پذیر در پوسته های ساختمانی به منظور استفاده از انرژی های تجدید پذیر بخش مهمی از این دست تلاش ها را در بر می گیرد. پوسته های متشکل از صفحات فتوولتاییکی که از نور خورشید انرژی الکتریکی تولید می کنند، به عنوان بخشی حایز اهمیت در کاهش وابستگی ساختمان ها به انرژی های فسیلی شناخته می شوند. استفاده از تکنیک های کم هزینه و اثر بخش در زمینه ی معماری کمک شایانی به بهبود فرآیند ساخت نموده است. این تحقیق بر آنست تا تاثیر بهره گیری از تکنیک کاغذ و تا را در صفحات فتوولتایک به کار رفته در نمای ساختمان ها به منظور افزایش دریافت تابش خورشیدی بررسی کند. این امر با استفاده از نرم افزارهای شبیه ساز پارامتریک(گرسهاپر) و انرژی(لیدی باگ) انجام گرفته است. پس از تحلیل و بررسی کلی انواع مختلف روش های اوریگامی و نمونه های به کار گرفته شده در صنعت ساختمان و همچنین موارد موجود در طبیعت، 4 مورد به عنوان مدول های پایه برای بررسی بیشتر و مدلسازی در افزونه ی لیدی باگ نرم افزار گرسهاپر انتخاب شدند. مدول های شبیه سازی شده با استفاده از افزونه ی گالاپاگوس بر اساس الگوریتم ژنتیک بهینه سازی شدند تا بهینه ترین حالت آنها برای دریافت حداکثر میزان تابش خورشیدی به دست آید. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می دهد تغییر چینش وجوه مختلف صفحات فتوولتاییک با استفاده از تکنیک اوریگامی نسبت به مدول پایه ی یک متر مربعی عمودی در نمای جنوبی ساختمان، می تواند بین 3.44 تا 11.39 درصد میزان تابش دریافتی از خورشید را افزایش دهد.
Extended Abstract Objective and Background: According to statistics published in the field of energy, today buildings are known as the largest source of energy consumption. Hence, technological advances in the field of construction are increasingly focused on new solutions to reduce energy consumption in this sector. Achieving environmentally friendly solutions in order to move towards sustainable development in the field of architecture, has been considered by architects and designers. Adaptable technologies in building shells for the use of renewable energy are an important part of these efforts. The sun, as one of the most important sources of renewable energy, has had a small share in energy production so far. But in recent decades, scientists and designers have increasingly turned their attention to this clean form of energy. One of the new forms of solar energy which is being used is photovoltaic panels. Shells consisting of photovoltaic panels that generate electricity from sunlight are recognized as an important part of reducing buildings' dependence on fossil fuels.The use of low-cost and effective techniques in the field of architecture has greatly contributed to the improvement of the construction process. This study aims to investigate the effect of using paper and folding techniques on photovoltaic panels used in building facades to increase solar radiation. Methods: This has been done using parametric (Grasshopper) and energy (Ladybug) simulation software. After a general analysis of different types of origami methods and examples used in the construction industry, as well as items in nature, 4 patterns were selected as basic modules for further study and modeling in the Ladybug plugin of Grasshopper software. Based on defined and conventional criteria (constructability, without shading, setting toward sun), these samples could be used on vertical facades of buildings. The base module that can be placed on the vertical facade was modeled and an extra module was defined based on the literature review about the optimal angle in Tehran latitude to maximize the received solar energy. Findings: A total of 6 final samples were prepared to simulate. The simulated modules were optimized based on a genetic algorithm using the Galapagos plugin to obtain the most optimal state for receiving the maximum amount of solar radiation. This optimization was actually done based on their form parameters in order to find the most optimal form (combination of angle and their slope). This study seeks to answer the question: How can the amount of solar radiation received in photovoltaic panels be increased by using geometry based on the origami technique? In other words, how can the amount of radiation be increased by changing the geometry of the arrangement of the photovoltaic panels according to the changing angles of the sun during the day and year. The present study showed that increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic panels is not based only on the use of expensive technologies and solar trackers. The factor of change in the angle of sunlight, which is the most important reason for the decrease in the efficiency of receiving sunlight in short and long periods of time, can be adjusted by accessible techniques such as origami. In other words, by changing the angles of different aspects of photovoltaic panels using computer technologies based on how the sun moves, more energy can be received from the sun over time. Conclusion: The results of this study show that changing the arrangement of different sides of photovoltaic panels using origami technique compared to the base module in the southern facade of the building, can increase the energy received from the sun. This change of forms can increase the amount of electrical energy produced by the panels between 3.44 and 11.39%. According to this research, models based on V-shaped (zigzag) can absorb more of the sun's received radiation due to taking advantage of the larger area of the photovoltaic panels. Although the amount of radiation per unit area decreases, but in cases where the available surface area is limited, their use is logically justified. Also, the use of models made with the help of Miura origami method showed that it is possible to increase the radiation reception to some extent without the use of solar trackers or moving views and at an economical cost. This is because the different sides of these patterns have a greater ability to absorb radiant energy over a long period of time (due to the variable daily and seasonal pattern of the sun's motion).
خلاصه ماشینی:
بررسي به کارگيري تکنيک اوريگامي در افزايش دريافت تابش خورشيدي صفحات فتوولتاييک با استفاده از شبيهسازي رايانهای* Analyzing the Use of Origami to Increase the Solar Radiation on Photovoltaic Panels Through Software Simulation [%%ابتدای جدول%%امیر برزویی1، مهدی زندیه2(نویسنده مسئول)، شاهین حیدری3 [%%ابتدای جدول%%تاریخ ارسال: 27/09/1397; تاریخ بازنگری: 25/01/1398; تاریخ پذیرش: 31/03/1399; تاریخ انتشار آنلاین: 01/10/1399 چکیده بر اساس آمار منتشره در حوزه انرژي، امروزه ساختمانها به عنوان بزرگترین منبع مصرف انرژی شناخته میشوند.
(به تصوير صفحه مراجعه شود)Fig. 1 Share of energy consumption of different sectors of total energy consumption in Iran in 1390 (MOE, 2012) معماری مدرن با بهرهگیری از رشد تکنولوژی و نگاه ماشینی به ساختمان باعث عدم تطابق ساختمانها با بستر آنها و در نتیجه آسیبهای زیست محیطی و افزایش استفاده از منابع انرژی گردید.
Table 2: Simulation Result (به تصوير صفحه مراجعه شود) همانطور که از نتايج شبيه سازي که در جدول 2 نشان داده شده است، مشخص است بهره گيري از تکنيک تا ميتواند ميزان دريافت تابش خورشيدي را افزايش دهد.
Analyzing the Use of Origami to Increase the Solar Radiation on Photovoltaic Panels Through Software Simulation Amir Borzouei1, Mahdi Zandieh2(Corresponding Author), Shahin Heidari3 1PhD Candidate in Architecture, School of Architecture and Urbanism, International University of Imam Khomeini, Qazvin, Iran (amir.
Methods: This study aims to investigate the effect of using folding techniques to choose the best angle of position for photovoltaic panels used on building facades to increase the solar radiation by using parametric (Grasshopper) and energy (Ladybug) simulation software.