چکیده:
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زوﺟﯿﻦ از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻫﻮش ﻣﻌﻨﻮی و ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
روش: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ی آﻣﺎری ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﺘﺄﻫﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 8 و 18 ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دو ﺳﺎل از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﮐﺸﺎن ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد 117 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ و ﺑﻪ روش در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎی اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎی ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎر-آن، ﻫﻮش ﻣﻌﻨﻮی ﻧﺎﺻﺮی و رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ اﻧﺮﯾﭻ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎی ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮی اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ.
ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻮش ﻣﻌﻨﻮی 10/1 درﺻﺪ و ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ 21/4 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ را ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی اﺻﻠﯽ ﻫﻮش ﻣﻌﻨﻮی، ﺷﮑﯿﺒﺎﯾﯽ 13/5 درﺻﺪ و در ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی اﺻﻠﯽ ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ، ﺧﻠﻖ ﮐﻠﯽ 25/9 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ را ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻫﻮش ﻣﻌﻨﻮی و ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮی ﮐﻪ اﻓﺮاد دارای ﻫﻮش ﻣﻌﻨﻮی و ﻫﻮش ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ، از رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی ﺑﺮﺧﻮردارﻧﺪ.
ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات ﮔﺴﺘﺮدهای ﮐﻪ رﺿﺎﯾﺖ زوﺟﯿﻦ ﺑﺮ رواﺑﻂ ﺑﻌﺪی و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﺤﮑﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده دارد، ﻣﯽﺑﺎﯾﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮی از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آنﻫﺎ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﻨﯿﺎن ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﮔﺎم ﺑﻠﻨﺪی ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ.
Introduction: Subjective well-being is the psychological component of quality of life, which has a pivotal role in achievement of success and increasing favourable behaviours; therefore it is of great importance to study that in different societies. Current Study aimed to investigate the structural relations between personality, self-efficiency and subjective well-being. Method: This is a correlational study which was performed on 479 individuals of Guilan universities’ staff. They were selected by cluster sampling. The data collection tools were Iranian Big Five Inventory (GARDON), Self-Efficacy and subjective well-being questionnaires. Next, data analysis was done using structural equation modeling. Results: Analysis showed that personality traits and self-efficacy predict 46% of subjective well-being variation. The total effect coefficients (summation of direct and indirect path coefficient) of the three factors of neuroticism/emotional stability, extraversion/happiness and conscience/humility was significant (p<0.01); and self-efficacy significantly mediates the relations between these three traits and subjective well-being. Conclusion: Considering the significant mediating role of self-efficacy in relation between personality traits and subjective well-being, we can increase the positive effect of extraversion trait, and decrease the negative effect of neuroticism on the well-being of individuals through
training cognitive skills.