Abstract:
استرس شهری یکی از مهمترین عوامل افزایش اختلالات روانی در شهرهاست. به همین دلیل لازم است برنامه ریزان و طراحان شهری در برنامهها و طرحهای خود استرس شهری را به عنوان اصلی مهم در نظر داشته و از اقداماتی که به این آشفتگی ذهنی دامن میزند، بپرهیزند. ساکنین شهر تهران و به خصوص ناحیه 8 منطقه 1 بر اساس نظر متخصصان در معرض استرس شهری بالایی قرار دارد. به همین منظور این پژوهش با هدف تدوین برنامه ریزی شهری درمانگر استرس در این ناحیه انجام شده است. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی-تبیینی بوده و برمبنای هدف از جمله تحقیقات کاربردی محسوب میشود. برای جمع آوری اطلاعات از روشهای کمی-کیفی و برای تحلیل آنها از روش تحلیل عاملی استفاده شده است. یافتههای پژوهش حاکی از آن است که عوامل استرس ناشی از نظام دسترسی، وضعیت اجتماعی و اقتصادی ضعیف، امنیت پایین، عدم انسجام و حمایت اجتماعی، تمایز و انزوای اجتماعی، تاب آور نبودن محیط شهری، عدم سرزندگی محیط، احساسات منفی ساکنان، تبعیض و جابه جایی اجتماعی، استرس ناشی از تراکم، احساس هویتمندی و تعلق پایین مهمترین عوامل استرسزا محدوده مورد مطالعه میباشند. در نتیجه برنامه ریزی شهری با درنظر گرفتن این عوامل به عنوان اهداف خرد میتواند استرس شهری را درمحدوده مورد مطالعه تا حد بسیاری کاهش دهد.
Stress in urban life can be a breeding ground for mental disorders. In addition to being an important cause of physical and mental illness, urban stress also increases the rate of moral anomalies in the city and reduces the security of citizens. For this reason, it is necessary for urban planners and designers to consider the peace of mind of citizens as an important principle in their plans and designs, and to avoid actions that cause this mental disorder. However, although many studies in the last century have examined the relationship between urbanization and stress and effective solutions to it with different approaches, so far no studies on urban planning stress therapist to consider all the indicators affecting urban stress and that There is no effective strategic planning based on the results. Tehran is also the sixth most stressful city in the world, according to the Zipjet Institute. For this reason, it is very important to conduct theoretical studies in this field and formulate urban planning for stress therapists in this city. But due to its large scope, doing such research requires a lot of time and money. For this purpose, in this study, after determining the general indicators, using the Delphi technique, District 8, District 1 of Tehran Municipality has been selected as the study sample. The research method in this research is descriptive-explanatory and is based on the purpose of applied research. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect information and factor analysis was used to analyze them. Then, factor analysis is performed and after identifying the stressors and placing them in the policy components of the relevant strategic document is presented. The findings of the research indicate that the stress factors caused by the access system, poor social and economic status, low security, lack of cohesion and social support, differentiation and social isolation, lack of resilience of the urban environment, lack of vitality of the environment, negative feelings of residents, discrimination and Social displacement, stress caused by crowding, low sense of identity and belonging are the most important stressors in the study area. As a result, urban planning by considering these factors as micro-objectives can reduce urban stress in the studied area to a great extent.This research develops the theoretical and empirical findings of previous studies. As a result, with the implementation of this research, the psychological pressure that is imposed on the citizens of this area can be reduced to a great extent. This research provides a suitable method for measuring and identifying urban stressors to urban planners who seek to reduce urban stress. Reducing urban stressors and increasing indicators with a negative impact on urban stress. Applying the factor analysis approach in recognizing and analyzing urban contexts in terms of stress and developing a strategic document corresponding to stressful factors in other parts or the whole city of Tehran and developing a comprehensive mental health program in this city can be very effective in this field.